By the numbers

A statistical snapshot of the wgpu codebase. Data collected on 2026-04-30 from trunk at commit 1ab3b902.

Size

xychart-beta horizontal
    title "Lines of code by language"
    x-axis ["Rust", "WGSL", "Markdown", "GLSL", "TOML", "JavaScript"]
    y-axis "Lines" 0 --> 360000
    bar [347158, 51355, 10376, 5808, 3998, 1475]

Language	Lines
Rust (*.rs)	347,158
WGSL (*.wgsl)	51,355
Markdown (*.md)	10,376
GLSL (*.glsl)	5,808
TOML (*.toml)	3,998
JavaScript (*.js)	1,475

The Rust line count is dominated by naga and wgpu-core. The WGSL count is mostly test fixtures under naga/tests/in/wgsl/ plus the example shaders under examples/features/src/*/shader.wgsl.

Source files

771 .rs files in total. Workspace member counts (top-level directories with a Cargo.toml):

Crate	Notes
wgpu	33 files in wgpu/src/api/, plus backend/, util/, macros/
wgpu-core	30+ files in wgpu-core/src/, plus subdirectories for command, device, track, lock, ...
wgpu-hal	5 backends (vulkan, metal, dx12, gles, noop), each ~10 files
naga	Front-ends, back-ends, IR, validator, processors
tests	Custom GPU test harness + integration tests
examples	31 runnable feature demos + 3 standalone copy-paste examples

Largest source files

These are the files most likely to need to be split as they grow.

File	Size
naga/src/back/msl/writer.rs	349 KB
naga/src/back/hlsl/writer.rs	214 KB
wgpu-core/src/device/resource.rs	210 KB
naga/src/back/glsl/writer.rs	198 KB
naga/src/front/wgsl/lower/mod.rs	197 KB
naga/src/proc/constant_evaluator.rs	189 KB
naga/src/back/spv/block.rs	183 KB
naga/src/back/spv/writer.rs	163 KB
naga/tests/naga/wgsl_errors.rs	152 KB
wgpu/src/backend/webgpu.rs	150 KB
wgpu-hal/src/vulkan/adapter.rs	144 KB
wgpu-core/src/command/render.rs	140 KB
naga/src/front/spv/next_block.rs	140 KB

The pattern is consistent: code generation, lowering, and validation are inherently long. The device/resource.rs and command/render.rs files in wgpu-core are also heavy because they implement the bulk of the Device and the render-pass APIs respectively.

Activity

Window	Commits
Last 90 days	396
Last 365 days	1,321
All time	10,636

Bot-attributed commits

Author class	Commits	Share
bors[bot] (historical)	1,172	11.0 %
dependabot[bot]	280	2.6 %
renovate[bot]	145	1.4 %
Other bots (factory-droid, github-actions, ...)	~few
Total bot-attributed	~1,597	~15 %

This is a lower bound on automation: it counts only commits whose author or co-author is a recognizable bot. The bors[bot] count is historical — the project moved to the GitHub merge queue, which doesn't leave a bot author behind. Inline AI tools (Copilot, Claude in editor) leave no trace in git history. The recent influx of commits attributed to "Inner Daemons" is a real human contributor, despite the unusual handle.

Most-changed directories (last 90 days)

Counted as commits touching files inside each directory.

Directory	Commits	Notable activity
wgpu-core/	100+	Submission/queue refactors, lock-graph fixes
naga/	100+	Constant evaluator, WGSL frontend, SPV frontend
wgpu-hal/	70+	Vulkan descriptor allocator, Metal autorelease/arm64_32, DX12 fence APIs
tests/	30+	Backend-specific test gating
cts_runner/	tens	CTS revision bumps

The wgpu-naga-bridge crate appears for the first time in March 2026 (2026-03-13), separating naga integration from wgpu-core.

Codebase complexity by crate

Approximate file sizes summed per crate root:

Crate	Lines (~)	Files (~)
naga/src	105,000	130
wgpu-core/src	65,000	35
wgpu-hal/src	80,000	50
wgpu/src	25,000	35
tests/	10,000	60
examples/features/src	8,000	50
wgpu-types/src	11,000	25

Test fixtures

naga/tests/in/ contains hundreds of small WGSL/GLSL/SPIR-V shaders that drive the snapshot suite. naga/tests/out/ mirrors them with expected output for each backend. Together they're the single largest source of WGSL in the repo.

Test list state

cts_runner/test.lst (42 KB) lists every CTS selector that must pass. cts_runner/fail.lst (15 KB) lists known failures with // xx% pass-rate annotations. cts_runner/skip.lst (~2 KB) lists ≥ 90 %-skipped suites.

Dependencies

The root Cargo.toml holds a [workspace.dependencies] table with ~80 crates. The major external surface:

• Vulkan via ash (0.38).
• Metal via objc2 and friends (0.6.x), no third-party metal crate.
• DX12 via windows (0.62), DXC via mach-dxcompiler-rs, allocator via gpu-allocator.
• GL via glow (0.17), EGL via khronos-egl, GLSL parsing via pp-rs.
• WGSL parsing built in. SPIR-V via spirv (0.4) and rspirv (0.13).
• Wasm via wasm-bindgen (0.2.108), web-sys (0.3.85), js-sys.
• Deno integration: deno_console, deno_core, deno_features, deno_url, deno_web, deno_webidl — all 200-series releases pinned to specific versions.

Test-to-code ratio

tests/ (the integration test crate) has about 10 K lines for ~95 K lines in wgpu + wgpu-core it primarily exercises. Naga's tests/ is on the same order as its source. The CTS adds external test surface that's much larger than the in-tree suite.